超亲水及水下超疏油铜网的制备及其油水分离性能的研究

目的通过简单的溶液浸泡法制备油水分离铜网。方法经氢氧化钠和过硫酸钾混合溶液浸泡,制备超亲水及水下超疏油表面。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪分析基底表面形貌及成分,利用接触角测量仪测量其润湿性能。结果铜网表面生成了微米结构的氢氧化铜,空气中水滴在其表面的接触角为0°,水中油滴的接触角高达159°,使铜网具备了在空气中超亲水、在水下超疏油的特性。通过油水分离实验发现,铜网在常温常压下对汽油、正己烷等几种不同种类油与水的混合液进行高效分离,分离效率达90%以上。经海水浸泡若干天后,铜网仍保持很高的油水分离效率,表现出较好的耐海水腐蚀性。结论实验制备的超亲水及水下超疏油铜网能够有效地分离油水混合液,且能应用到腐蚀性较强的场合中。

Fabrication of Superhydrophilic and Underwater Superoleophobic Copper Mesh and Oil/Water Separation Property

The work aims to prepare an oil/water separation copper mesh in simple method of solution immersion. Copper mesh was soaked in sodium hydroxide and potassium persulfate solution to prepare superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic strainer mesh. Morphology and composition of the substrate were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X ray diffractometer (XRD), respectively. Its wettability was measured by contact angle meter. Cu(OH)2 of micron structure was produced on the surface of copper mesh. The contact angle between water drop in air and the surface was 0°, for oil drop in water, 159°. Therefore, the copper mesh exhibited superhydrophilic property in air and superoleophobic property in water. Oil/water separation experiments showed that the oil/water mixture containing gasoline, hexane, etc was separated effectively by the copper mesh at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, the separation efficiency was over 90%. After several days of seawater immersion, the copper mesh exhibited very high oil/water separation efficiency and good corrosion resistance to seawater. Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic copper mesh prepared in the experiments can separate oil/water mixture and be applied to occasions of strong corrosion resistance.