三峡水利枢纽安全监测初步设针综述

三峡工程规模宏大，建筑物种类繁多。安全监测是保证大坝安全运行、提高设计水平、改进施工方法的重要措施。三峡工程安全监测系统由资料量测及自动采集、巡视检查、资料管理及分析处理系统３部分组成。监测项目主要有变形监测、应力应变监测、渗压渗流监测、水力学原型观测、动力监测、水文泥沙观测、库首区地壳变形监测等，并由各量测子系统组成资料量测及采集系统。各监测项目将考虑各建筑物特点及地质情况，选定关键、重要、一般监测断、截面进行监测，并与监测网及库区地壳形变统筹布置。另外，为使三峡工程安全监测系统及时起到安全监控作用，对影响工程安全的重要监测断面（部位）将从施工期起逐步实行自动化监测。

Preliminary design of safety monitoring system for Three Gorges Project

Three Gorges Project has a huge size and many type of structures. Safety monitoring is an important measure to enhance the design level, improve con.struction methods and ensure safe operation of this project. The safety monitoring system for Three Gorges Project is composed of three components of measuring/data acquisition system, tour inspection system and data processing/analysing system. Monitoring items mainly include structural deformation, stress and strain, seepage, prototype hydraulics, dynamics, hydrology,sedimentation, crust deformation of reservoir area, etc. The measuring/data acquisition system is composed of various sub-measuring systems. On the basis of features of various structures,a number of key, important and general monitoring sections are selected to conduct each type of monitoring. The selection of each monitoring section is connected with establishment of whole monitoring net and arrangement of the crust deformation monitoring points of the reservoir area.In addition, some important monitoring items affecting the project safety or locating on key positions of structures will be gradually automatized to bring the safety monitoring system for Three Gorges Project into effect in time.