水泵叶轮在激光选区熔化成型加工中的几何误差研究

以316L不锈钢金属粉末为原料,利用激光选区熔化成型技术试制某潜水泵用叶轮。针对水泵叶轮激光选区熔化成型加工中出现的几何误差,分析水泵叶轮出现几何误差的原因。通过设计工艺试验,探究水泵叶轮在激光选区熔化成型加工中几何误差的产生规律,建立水泵叶轮的几何误差模型,确定引起水泵叶轮成型精度的主要因素有:切片处理产生的误差、激光深穿透产生的误差、外边框凸起产生的误差、材料收缩变形产生的误差、粉末的杂质引起误差和成型缸升降产生的误差,采用后处理和补偿成型缸位移量,解决水泵叶轮几何误差。研究结果表明:当成型缸位移量为0.02823 mm时,所成型的水泵叶轮加工精度符合制造要求。

Research on shape error of pump impeller in selective laser melting

Selective Laser Melting(SLM)molding can be used to shape complex parts and products.It uses 316L stainless steel metal powder as raw material to form a submersible pump impeller by laser selective melting molding technology.Aiming at the shape and position errors in the laser pumping process of the pump impeller,the causes of the geometric error of the pump impeller are analyzed.Through the design process test,the geometric error of the impeller in the laser selection melting process is studied.The geometric error model of the pump impeller was established.The main factors that cause the impeller forming precision are:the error caused by the slicing process and the error caused by the deep penetration of the laser.The error caused by the convexity of the outer frame,the error caused by the shrinkage deformation of the material,the error caused by the impurity of the powder,the error caused by the lifting of the forming cylinder,and the displacement of the forming cylinder are compensated to solve the geometric error of the pump impeller.The research results show that when the displacement of the forming cylinder is 0.02823mm,the precision of the formed pump impeller meets the manufacturing requirements.