基于有限元的双十字滑块摆线针轮减速器关键结构分析

为了掌握双十字滑块摆线针轮减速器各关键零/部件在额定载荷作用下应力和变形的分布情况,分析了该类型减速器的结构组成与传动原理,并运用有限元软件ANSYS分析其关键零/部件十字滑块机构、摆线针轮机构和偏心轴机构的接触应力、等效应力和等效变形。计算结果表明:十字滑块机构的接触应力最大,在设计、制造和安装过程中,应保证十字滑块、滚珠和输入/输出法兰两两之间为纯滚动,避免大的接触应力引起摩擦磨损,从而降低减速器的传动精度;十字滑块机构、摆线针轮机构和偏心轴机构的最大接触应力和最大等效应力均小于相应材料的强度,说明强度不是减速器零/部件设计、制造过程中主要考虑的问题;偏心轴机构的刚度最小,对减速器的传动精度影响较大,在设计、制造时,应合理选择材料和制造工艺,提高偏心轴机构的刚度,从而提高减速器的传动精度。

Key structure analysis of double cross slider cycloidal pin wheel reducer based on finite element method

In order to obtain the distribution of stress and deformation of key components of the double cross slider cycloidal pin wheel reducer,the structure and transmission principle of the reducer were analyzed,contact stress,equivalent stress and equivalent deformation on its key components such as cross slider mechanism,cycloidal pin wheel mechanism and eccentric shaft mechanism were analyzed by using ANSYS software.The calculation results show that the contact stress of the cross slider mechanism is the maximum.In the process of design,manufacture and installation,the cross slider,the ball and the input and output flange should be pure rolling between each other,avoiding large contact stress causing friction and wear so as to lower the transmission accuracy of the reducer.The maximum contact stress and the maximum equivalent stress of the cross slider mechanism,cycloidal pin wheel mechanism and eccentric shaft mechanism are less than the strength of their material.So the strength is not the important problem in design and manufacture.The stiffness of the eccentric shaft mechanism is the minimum in the key components of the reducer,which has great influence on the transmission accuracy of the reducer.In design and manufacture,reasonable materials and manufacturing processes should be chosen to improve the stiffness of the eccentric shaft mechanism so as to improve the transmission accuracy of the reducer.