不同形式阀口对数字液压缸性能影响的研究

四通换向阀是数字液压缸重要的组成元件,其阀口形式和尺寸与数字液压缸动态响应特性息息相关。讨论了长方形、U形和三角形3种不同形式的阀口结构,建立其阀口等效通流面积数学模型,得到其流量特性曲线。使用AMESim软件完成了数字液压缸模型的搭建并定义阀口形式和结构参数,研究了不同形式阀口对数字液压缸动态特性的影响。研究结果表明:长方形阀口流量增益最大,因此在液压缸运动所需流量相同的情况下,长方形阀口阀芯位移最小,U形和三角形阀口阀芯位移是长方形阀口阀芯位移的1.59和2.38倍;液压缸稳定运行阶段,长方形阀口形式下的活塞位移误差为1.41 mm,比其他两种形式阀口小73%和110.6%,而长方形阀口时活塞最终位移误差为0.51 mm,比其他两种形式阀口小7.8%和15.7%。最后通过数字液压缸性能测试试验进行验证。

The research on the influence of different valve port on the performance of digital hydraulic cylinder

The four-way reversing valve as an important component of the digital hydraulic cylinder,its valve port shape and size are closely related with the dynamic response characteristics of digital hydraulic cylinder.Different structures of square,U-shaped and triangular shape valve port were discussed,the mathematic models of equivalent overcurrent area were established,and the flow characteristics curve were obtained.The digital hydraulic cylinder simulation model was established and the valve port form and structural parameters were defined by using the AMESim software.The influence of different valve port forms on the dynamic characteristics was analyzed.The results show that the square valve port possesses good flow characteristics,in the case of the same flow rate required for hydraulic cylinder movement,it has the least spool displacement,the displacement of the U-shaped and triangular valve spool is 1.59 and 2.38 times that of it.In the stable operation stage of hydraulic cylinder,the displacement error of piston rod is 1.41mm under the spool of square valve port,73%and 110.6%smaller than the other two forms of spool.The final displacement error of piston rod is 0.51mm under the spool of square valve port,7.8%and 15.7%smaller than the other two forms of spool.At last,the performance test of digital hydraulic cylinder was carried out.