Mechanisms of cement hydration |
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| Authors: | Jeffrey W Bullard Hamlin M Jennings Richard A Livingston Andre Nonat George W Scherer Jeffrey S Schweitzer Karen L Scrivener Jeffrey J Thomas |
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| Affiliation: | aMaterials and Construction Research Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA;bDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;cDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA;dLaboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), UMR 5209 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France;eDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering/PRISM, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA;fDepartment of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA;gInstitute of Materials, Construction Materials Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;hSchlumberger-Doll Research, Cambridge, MA, USA |
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| Abstract: | The current state of knowledge of cement hydration mechanisms is reviewed, including the origin of the period of slow reaction in alite and cement, the nature of the acceleration period, the role of calcium sulfate in modifying the reaction rate of tricalcium aluminate, the interactions of silicates and aluminates, and the kinetics of the deceleration period. In addition, several remaining controversies or gaps in understanding are identified, such as the nature and influence on kinetics of an early surface hydrate, the mechanistic origin of the beginning of the acceleration period, the manner in which microscopic growth processes lead to the characteristic morphologies of hydration products at larger length scales, and the role played by diffusion in the deceleration period. The review concludes with some perspectives on research needs for the future. |
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| Keywords: | Hydration (A) Kinetics (A) Microstructure (B) |
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