Temperature dependence of surface morphology and deuterium retention in polycrystalline ITER-grade tungsten exposed to low-energy,high-flux D plasma |
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| Authors: | V.Kh. Alimov B. Tyburska-Püschel S. Lindig Y. Hatano M. Balden J. Roth K. Isobe M. Matsuyama T. Yamanishi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Hydrogen Isotope Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan;2. Tritium Technology Group, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan;3. Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany;1. Hydrogen Isotope Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan;2. Fusion Safety Program, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA;3. Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan;4. Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;5. Department of Engineering Physics, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA;6. Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan;7. Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany;8. Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan;9. Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai 311-1313, Japan;10. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;1. National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia;2. Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany;3. Gent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Gent, Belgium;1. Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;2. Center for Electron Microscopy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China |
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| Abstract: | Surface topography and deuterium retention in polycrystalline ITER-grade tungsten have been examined after exposure to a low-energy (38 eV/D), high-flux (1022 D/m2 s) deuterium plasma with ion fluences of 1026 and 1027 D/m2 at various temperatures. The methods used were scanning electron microscopy equipped with focused ion beam, thermal desorption spectroscopy, and the D(3He,p) 4He nuclear reaction at 3He energies varied from 0.69 to 4.0 MeV. During exposure to the D plasma at temperatures in the range from 320 to 815 K, small blisters of size in the range from 0.2 to 5 μm, depending on the exposure temperature and ion fluence, are formed on the W surface. At an ion fluence of 1027 D/m2, the deuterium retention increases with the exposure temperature, reaching its maximum value of about 1022 D/m2 at 500 K, and then decreases below 1019 D/m2 at 800 K. |
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