谷子油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成分析

对谷子的基本组成和谷子油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成进行了分析。结果表明,谷子中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总糖和淀粉含量分别为13.9%、5.6%、66.5%和63.7%。谷子油的酸值(KOH)为11.9 mg/g,碘值(I)为132.9 g/100 g,过氧化值为30.9 mmol/kg,皂化值(KOH)为194.4 mg/g,不皂化物含量为2.73%。谷子油主要由10种脂肪酸组成,其中饱和脂肪酸含量占16.81%,主要为棕榈酸(7.87%)、硬脂酸(6.17%)和花生酸(2.03%);不饱和脂肪酸含量达83.26%,其中以亚油酸含量(65.30%)最高,其次为油酸(14.20%)和亚麻酸(2.93%)。因此,谷子油是一种极具开发价值的营养保健油脂。

Physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of millet oil

The basic composition of millet, physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of millet oil were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of crude protein, crude fat, total sugar and starch of the millet were 13.9%, 5.6%, 66.5% and 63.7%, respectively. The acid value, iodine value, peroxide value, saponification value and unsaponifiable matter content of millet oil were 11.9 mgKOH/g, 132.9 gI/100 g, 30.9 mmol/kg, 194.4 mgKOH/g and 2.73% respectively. Ten kinds of fatty acids were found in millet oil. The content of saturated fatty acids was 16.81%, including palmitic acid (7.87%), stearic acid (6.17%) and arachidic acid (2.03%), and the content of unsaturated fatty acids was 83.26%, in which the content of linoleic acid was the highest(65.30%), followed by oleic acid(14.20%) and linolenic acid(2.93%). Therefore, millet oil was a nutritional and healthy oil with development value.