长江水资源保护与可持续发展

目前长江水质总体尚好 ,但是局部水域污染严重 ,以有机物污染为主。当前长江流域水污染的主要特点为 :江河水污染特别是干流近岸水域污染未能得到遏制 ;流域内地表水体富营养化严重 ;白色污染未得到有效控制 ;非点源污染问题不应忽视。从长江流域可持续发展角度分别对城市发展、工业发展、农业和农村发展的水环境问题识别其影响 ,提出实现长江水资源可持续利用的关键是统一进行流域的整体环境保护规划 ,重点处理各个区域间的矛盾 ,尽最大可能满足各个区域对环保和供水等的要求 ,同时要进行水资源管理体制、水资源投资体制、水价政策的改革 ,并根据长江流域的具体情况制定 2 1世纪的长江水战略 ,以促进流域经济的可持续发展。

Yangtze River water resources protection and sustainable development

At present, on the whole, the water quality of the Yangtze River is good, however, there exist serious local water pollutions characterized mainly by organic pollutants. The main problem in water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin is the lack of an effective way to fully control water pollution in rivers in general and in waters close to the banks of the mainstream of the Yangtze River in particular, the serious eutrophication in surface water in the river basin, the so-called "white pollution", and the serious non-point source pollution. The impacts of urban, industrial, agricultural and rural developments induced-water environment problems are identified from the angle of sustainable development in the Yangtze River Basin. The keys to realization of sustainable utilization of water resources in the river basin include formulation of a basin-wide planning for environment protection, settlement of the conflicts between different regions, and best satisfaction of the requirements of each region for environment protection and water supply. Besides, it is necessary to reform the water resources management and investment systems and water pricing policy and develop Yangtze River water strategies for the 21st century on the basis of the current situation for promotion of sustainable economic development in the Yangtze River Basin.