光纤激光焊接的碳排放建模与多响应评价

全球暖化的背景下，环境影响与制造质量的协同探究成为了研究热点之一。激光焊接广泛应用于汽车、航空航天、轨道交通等制造业，但其碳排放高、能量利用率低。因此，亟需对激光焊接工艺的碳排放特性进行研究，并协同焊接质量展开综合评价。通过搭建激光焊接的碳排放监测平台，分析激光焊接平台各系统(激光发生器、冷水机、机器人、保护气体系统)的碳排放特性，构建激光对接焊的碳排放模型，计算了各系统不同阶段的碳排放占比。采用最优拉丁超立方采样法，开展激光对接焊实验，将拉伸强度和焊缝完整性作为焊接性能的评价指标，分析了激光工艺参数(激光功率、焊接速度、离焦量)对碳排放和焊接性能的影响。实验结果表明，焊接速度对碳排放影响最大，而激光功率对拉伸强度和焊缝完整性的影响最大。对于三个响应指标，激光功率呈正向作用，而焊接速度呈负向作用。根据提出的多响应综合评价方法，对25组激光对接焊的实验结果进行了评分与优劣排序。提出的方法可为激光低碳制造的工程评价提供一定的参考。

Carbon Emission Modeling and Multi-response Evaluation of Fiber Laser Welding

Under the background of global warming, the collaborative exploration of environmental impact and manufacturing quality has become one of the research hotspots. Laser welding is widely used in automobile, aerospace, rail transit and other manufacturing industries, but as high carbon emission and low energy utilization rate. Thus, it is urgent to analyze the carbon emission characteristics of the laser welding process, and to carry out a comprehensive evaluation in collaboration with the welding performance. By building a platform for monitoring carbon emissions from laser welding, the carbon emission characteristics and proportions of each system (laser generator, chiller, robot, shielding gas system) of the laser welding platform are analyzed, the carbon emission model of laser butt welding is constructed, and the proportions of carbon emissions in different stages of each system are calculated. Based on the optimal Latin hypercube sampling method, the design of experiment is carried out, and the laser butt welding experiment is conducted. Tensile strength and bead integrity are used as evaluation indicators of welding performance. The effects of laser process parameters (laser power, welding speed, defocus amount) on carbon emission and welding performance are analyzed. The experimental results show that welding speed has the greatest effect on the carbon emission, while laser power has the greatest effect on tensile strength and bead integrity. For the three response indicators, the laser power has a positive effect, while the welding speed has a negative effect. Based on the presented comprehensive evaluation method for multi-response, the experimental results of 25 groups of laser butt welding are scored and ranked. The presented method can provide a certain reference for the engineering evaluation of laser low-carbon manufacturing.