电磁旋转涡流制动特性分析和力矩模糊控制方法研究

运用理论分析法和有限元计算方法，研究电磁旋转涡流制动器的制动特性。介绍制动器的基本结构与工作原理，并结合磁路分析法与分层理论，推导出制动盘中的涡流密度及涡流损耗公式，解析得到制动力矩的理论公式。结果显示，制动力矩同线圈匝数及励磁电流乘积的平方成正相关，而且受气隙长度、制动盘厚度、电磁材料的磁导率与电导率影响；建立旋转涡流制动器的三维有限元模型，验证了理论结果的有效性，并进一步研究制动器的几何参数与电磁参数对制动特性的影响规律，得到适用于列车紧急制动工况的制动器参数；根据制动特性曲线建立制动器的参数模型，设计了模糊控制器以改善高速区间内列车制动的平稳性。所提出的制动力矩理论推导、制动特性分析及控制器设计方法可以为涡流制动器的总体设计及优化研究提供借鉴。

Characteristic Analysis and Fuzzy Control Method Research of Electromagnetic Eddy Current Braking

In this paper, the torque characteristics of an electromagnetic eddy current brake are studied by means of theoretical analysis and finite element method(FEM). First of all, the mechanical structure and working principle of the brake is introduced, and combined with the magnetic circuit analysis method and layered theory, the formulas of eddy current density and eddy current loss in brake disc are deduced, and the analytical calculation formula of braking torque is derived. The results show that the braking torque is positively correlated with the number of turns and the square of the product of exciting current, and is affected by the length of air gap, thickness of brake disc, permeability and conductivity of electromagnetic material. Then, the three-dimensional finite element model of the rotary eddy current brake is established, the validity of the theoretical results is verified. By using the finite element model, the influence of the geometric and electromagnetic parameters of the brake on the braking characteristics is studied, and the brake parameters suitable for the train emergency braking condition are obtained. Finally, the parameter model of the brake is established based on the braking characteristic curve, and the fuzzy controller of braking torque is designed to improve the stability of train braking in high-speed section. The proposed theoretical formula of braking torque, braking characteristic analysis and controller design method can provide reference for the overall design and optimization of eddy current brake.