Modelling and simulation of a high penetration wind diesel system with battery energy storage

Wind Diesel Hybrid Systems (WDHS) are isolated power systems which combine Diesel Generators (DG) with Wind Turbine Generators (WTG). Depending on the generators which are supplying, high penetration (HP) WDHS have three operation modes: Diesel Only (DO), Wind Diesel (WD) and Wind Only (WO). The HP-WDHS presented in this article consists of a Diesel Engine (DE), a Synchronous Machine (SM), a Wind Turbine Generator, the consumer load, a Ni-Cd Battery based Energy Storage System (BESS) and a Dump Load. The DE can be engaged (DO and WD modes) or disengaged (WO mode) from the SM by means of a clutch. All the models of the previously mentioned components are presented and the performance of the WDHS has been tested through dynamic simulation. Simulation results with graphs for the frequency and voltage of the isolated power system, active powers generated/absorbed by the different elements and the battery voltage/current/state of charge are presented for a load change in WO mode and for the transition from WO to WD mode in order to substitute a supplying BESS for the DE as the active power source.