水库库容和淤积量精密测量及计算方法研究

针对传统库区容量和淤积量测量及计算方法的缺陷,依靠现代高精度GPS定位技术、回声测深技术,借助水下地形测量方法对库区实施测量,根据水下地形变化的复杂程度,用等间距、高密度的测点对测区水域进行覆盖.建立在高精度、高密度测点的基础上,利用地形图绘制中的三角形构网方法,对整个测区以三角网进行覆盖,计算每个三角柱的水柱体积和淤积体积,并对所有三角柱的水柱体积和淤积体积进行叠加,便可获得库区库容和淤积量的精密计算结果.

Research on determination of high accuracy reservoir storage and sedimentation amount

With the development of technology of GPS position and echo sounding, the traditional method of surveying and calculation of reservoir storage and sedimentation amount can't meet the acquirement of reservoir governor. In order to improve the calculating accuracy, high precision technology of GPS position and echo sounding is used for surveying. The hydrographic method is adopted. According to the change situation of bottom topography, the equal distance planning line is laid in the reservoir area. The whole reservoir area is covered by the equal distance and high density surveying points.Based on practical surveying points and method of hydrography, a kind of rigorous calculation model is presented. Using surveying points and method of triangle constructing net, the whole reservoir area is laid by all of triangles. Computing each of volume of triangular prism above the surface of alluvium and terrene, the sum of each of volume above the surface of alluvium is named water volume. The difference between the sum of each of volume above the surface of terrene and water volume is named sedimentation amount.During practical surveying and calculation. The curve of water is needed by reservoir govern for control in all kinds of use. The hydrography is alone. The land information between two sides of reservoir is needed too. The land DTM (Digital Terrain Model) is got by two ways, one is practical survey by RTK (Real Time Kinematic) in GPS. The other is transferred by used topography map or DTM. Water level is needed in survey and calculation. The plan position and height system must be consistent in position information between land and bottom water.