Novel implementation of laser ablation tomography as an alternative technique to assess grain quality and internal insect development in stored products |
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| Affiliation: | 1. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA;2. Laser for Innovative Solutions (L4iS), Suite 261, 200 Innovation Boulevard, State College, PA, 16803, USA;3. Department of Engineering, University of Southern Maine, 37 College Ave, Gorham, ME, 04038, USA;1. Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China;2. Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xian, 710000, China;1. INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina;2. Laboratorio de Electrostática y de Materiales Dieléctricos, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional Mendoza, Argentina;3. Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CCT Mendoza CONICET– Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina;1. Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA;2. Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, 21545-El-Shatby, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;3. Altria Client Services LLC, Research, Development & Engineering, 601 E Jackson Street, Richmond, VA, USA;1. Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India;2. Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India;3. Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India;1. Henan University of Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Storage and Security, Zhengzhou, 450001, China;2. Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 5V6, Canada |
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| Abstract: | In the last century, there have been important advances in peering inside the internal grain environment. This has included electrical conductance mills, acoustical tools, near-infrared spectroscopy, and soft X-ray imaging. Each technique has their own advantages and limitations. In this current study, we describe a novel process for assessing grain quality and internal insect development in grain using laser ablation tomography (LATscan) and compare it to soft X-ray imaging for three life stages (larva, pupa, adult) of Sitophilus zeamais and Rhyzopertha dominica. Our results suggest that X-rays overestimated grain volume loss by about a quarter compared to LATscan. Moreover, LATscan produces a rich digital dataset on the level of microns that can be explored to ask biologically-relevant questions. We discuss the current limitations of LATscan in context with other techniques. Ultimately, the results highlight LATscan as a useful additional tool to further our understanding pest-commodity interactions in the postharvest supply chain. |
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| Keywords: | Postharvest Insect detection Imaging Maize weevil Lesser grain borer |
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