Development of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae) on sorghum: Quality characteristics and varietal susceptibility |
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| Affiliation: | 1. USDA-ARS, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA;2. Kansas State University, Department of Grain Science and Industry, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA;1. Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich at Medway, Chatham, Kent ME4 4TB, UK;2. College of Agriculture, P.M.B., 1018 Zuru, Nigeria;1. Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece;2. Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta str., 14561, Kifissia, Attica, Greece;3. Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou str., Nea Ionia, 38446, Magnissia, Greece;4. Research and Consulting Inc., 14 Tidefall Dr., Toronto, ON, M1W 1J2, Canada;5. Department of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Peloponnese, 24100, Antikalamos, Kalamata, Greece;1. Department of Entomology, Purdue University, 901 State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA;2. Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA;1. Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, P. O. Box 489, Asella, Ethiopia;2. Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA;3. Holeta Agricultural Research Center, Holeta, Ethiopia;5. Department of Biological and Physical Sciences, South Carolina State University, Orangeburg, SC, 29117, USA;4. Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia;6. Department of Dryland Crop and Horticultural Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia;1. Centre for Technology Alternatives for Rural Areas, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, India;2. Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, MH, India;3. Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, India;1. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Agriculture Faculty, Plant Protection Department, Avşar Campus, 46100, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey;2. Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou str., Nea Ionia, Magnesia, 38446, Greece;3. Namık Kemal University, Agriculture Faculty, Plant Protection Department, 59030, Tekirdag, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | A white low polyphenol sorghum, a red-waxy starch sorghum, a red-tannin sorghum with moderate polyphenol levels, and a red non-tannin sorghum were evaluated for susceptibility to Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) (Coleopter: Bostrychidae), the lesser grain borer. Density levels of 0 (untreated controls), 10, 20, or 30 mixed-sex adults were exposed on 100 g replicates of each of the varieties and removed after two weeks. Progeny production and physical damage were evaluated on each variety, along with quality characteristics such as moisture content, protein, starch, phenolic content, and kernel vitreousity. Progeny production and physical damage varied with density level and variety, but was generally lowest on the red-waxy sorghum. At the density level of 30 parental adults more progeny were found in the red-tannin sorghum compared to the other varieties. Starch content, kernel vitreousity and hardness was lower in the red-tannin sorghum. Total phenolic content was 2–3x greater in the red-tannin sorghum compared to the other varieties, but the high phenolic content did not seem to affect R. dominica progeny production. Results suggest the insects bypassed the bran layer of the sorghum varieties to feed on the germ and endosperm. Results of this study could be used to further explore the relationships between kernel hardness, chemical composition, and susceptibility to stored product insects, and incorporate results into management programs for maintaining quality of stored sorghum and processed sorghum food by-products. |
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| Keywords: | Sorghum Varieties Insects Damage Quality |
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