煤岩静态破碎剂合理组分及配比实验研究

针对爆破切顶技术受到高瓦斯等特殊环境的限制,提出一种可用于定向切顶的煤岩静态破碎方法。在确定破碎剂基本组成的基础上,利用钢管外测法测出不同组分破碎剂的膨胀压,分析破碎剂水化反应过程中膨胀压的变化规律和各组分对破碎剂膨胀压的影响,确定破碎剂各组分的最佳配比,最后利用所配制的破碎剂进行了C30混凝土试块膨胀致裂试验。结果表明:Ca O是影响膨胀压的主要成分,水泥次之,石膏较小。煤岩静态破碎剂的最佳配比为:Ca O75%、水泥8%、石膏3%、膨润土5%、三聚磷酸钠0.6%、聚羧酸减水剂0.4%、粉煤灰8%。在胀裂试验中,试块逐渐产生细微短小裂纹,随胀裂时间增加开裂宽度和深度缓慢增大,最终试块被胀裂成多块,致裂效果较好,为煤层顶板定向切顶提供了试验基础。

Experimental Study on Reasonable Composition and Proportion of Coal and Rock Static Cracking Agent

In order to solve the blasting cutting roof technology in gas and other special environment,a static crushing method was put forward.When broken agent basic components were identified,steel pipe external measure-ment method was used to measure pressure of different components of crusher,the changing rule of the inflation pres-sure of different ratio of broken agent hydration reaction and the influence of different component were analyzed.The expansive cracking test was done to determine the optimum ratio of each component.The results show that,CaO is bigger than cement and plaster on the influence of inflation pressure.The optimum weight ratio of the static crushing agent is,CaO 75%,cement 8%,CaSO43%,Na-bentonite 5%,Na5P3O100.6%,poly carboxylate water reducers 0.4%,and fly ash 8% separately.In breaking test,the test block gradually produces short thin cracks and the width and depth get to increase,eventually the whole block is divided into many pieces.This technology has provided the experimental foundation for directional cutting coal roof.