快干型高固体分环氧防腐底漆的研究

目的研制高性能快干型高固体分环氧防腐底漆。方法将低黏度高活性环氧树脂和普通环氧树脂进行复配,得到可用于高固含涂料的树脂基料;通过分子结构优化设计,合成制备了以酚醛胺改性聚酰胺树脂为主体并结合柔性长链改性胺树脂复配的固化剂体系;利用复配的环氧树脂基料、自制的固化剂体系和无铬防锈颜料等组分研制了快干型高固体分环氧底漆。根据国家标准,进行了力学性能(包括柔韧性、耐冲击性和附着力)、耐环境性能(包括耐湿热、耐盐雾性能)和耐液体介质等涂层性能测试;通过考核涂层耐丁酮擦拭100次是否露底,来表征涂层的固化,采用FTIR手段,动态跟踪环氧固化过程。结果新研制的环氧涂料具有优良的力学性能和防腐性能,涂料的固含量73%,表干时间40 min,适用期8 h,耐盐雾和湿热均能达到5000 h,全面性能已达到国外现役先进材料水平,且工艺性能良好。结论以低黏度高活性环氧树脂为基体,采用酚醛与柔性长链二聚酸改性的聚酰胺固化剂,可制备高性能快干高固体分环氧防腐底漆,在飞机的防护底漆领域具有良好的应用前景。

Quick-curing High-solid Epoxy Anti-corrosive Primer

The work aims to prepare quick-curing and high-solid anti-corrosive epoxy primer of high performance. Epoxy coatings were obtained by compounding low-viscosity and high-activity epoxy resin and common epoxy resin. Based upon optimum design of molecular structure, a curing agent system was synthesized by compounding phenolic amine modified polyamides resin (as principal part) and soft long-chain modified amine resin. Finally, the quick-curing and high-solid anti-corrosive epoxy primer was made from the synthesized epoxy resin substrate, homemade curing agent system, chromium-free anti-corrosive pigment, etc. In accordance with national standards, coating properties including mechanical properties (flexibility, shock resistance and adhesion), environmental resistance (heat and humidity resistance, salt spray resistance) and liquid medium resistance were tested. Coating curing was characterized by checking the coatings for base exposure after scrubbing them with butanone for a hundred times. The curing process of epoxy was dynamically monitored with FTIR. The as-prepared coatings showed excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance (solid content of 73%, surface drying time of 40 min, pot life of 8 h, salt fog and heat-humidity resistance of 5000 h), which reached worldwide advanced material level, and exhibited excellent processing property. With low-viscosity high-activity epoxy resin as the substrate, and the quick-curing and high-solid anti-corrosive epoxy primer of excellent performance can be made from phenolic aldehyde and flexible long-chain dimer-acid modified polyamide curing agent, which is of good potential application in the field of aircraft protective primer.