爆炸塔炸药空爆振动衰减及对邻近建筑影响试验

基于2.5 kg TNT当量爆炸塔实验场地,设计3组不同炸药量(1.0 kg、1.5 kg、2.0 kg)、4种不同药包悬置高度(0.5 m、1.0 m、1.5 m、2.0 m)的空爆振动试验,研究爆炸塔内不同炸药量距地面不同高度裸露药包爆炸振动的衰减规律及对邻近建筑物和仪器设备的影响规律。结果表明:振动持续时间在0.3 s左右,质点振动主频主要集中于21~30 Hz之间;距爆心水平距离小于14 m时,水平径向振动速度衰减速率比垂直方向快;大于14 m时,垂直方向振动速度衰减速率快。轻气炮厅的地基结构自身经过隔震处理具有良好的隔震效果,爆炸塔内试验炸药量越大、药包悬置高度越高,隔震效果越好;通过在邻近建筑物第一、二层相同位置的测试结果发现,第二层的振动速度出现振动放大现象,这种现象随药包悬置高度增加而降低,随炸药量增加而增大。依据爆破安全规程(GB6722—2014)的标准,三组试验爆炸塔内空爆振动不会对周围建筑物及轻气炮造成损害。

Test of Vibration Attenuation and Influence on Adjacent Buildings of Explosive Airburst inside Blast Containment Chamber

Based on 2.5 kg TNT equivalent blast containment chamber experimental site,three groups of differ-ent doses(1.0 kg,1.5 kg,2.0 kg),four different charge suspension height(0.5 m,1.0 m,1.5 m,2.0 m)of air-burst vibration test were designed to study the attenuation law and regularity of influence on adjacent buildings and e-quipment from explosion vibration caused by different doses of bare charges from different height to the ground inside blast containment chamber.The results show that vibration lasts at about 0.3 s,and the main frequency is concentrat-ed on 21~30 Hz;when the horizontal distance from explosion center less than 14 m,the attenuation rate of horizontal radial vibration velocity is faster than the vertical direction;when it is greater than 14 m,the attenuation rate of vibra-tion velocity of the vertical direction is greater.Foundation structure of light-gas gun hall through isolation processing has good vibration isolation effect,the more for test doses inside blast containment chamber and the higher for charge suspension,the isolation effect is better.It is found by testing results in the same position on the first and second floor of the adjacent building that the vibration velocity on second floor appears vibration amplification phenomenon,which decreases with increasing charge suspended height and increases with the in amount of explosive.According to the safety regulations for blasting(GB6722—2014),the cartridge explosion vibration tests in air inside the blast contain-ment chamber will not damage the surrounding buildings or the light-gas gun.