全氢聚硅氮烷用于塑料表面硬化涂层的研究进展

塑料制品应用面广阔,但高分子聚合物自身结构的特点导致塑料制品表面在外力作用下易产生划痕,这既影响了美观,又降低了材料的性能和使用寿命。目前对其进行硬化处理得到了广泛的开发和使用,其中,表面涂覆硬化涂层是解决这一问题较为方便的方法。主要介绍了基于全氢聚硅氮烷制备塑料表面硬化涂层的国内外研究进展,并对不同的塑料基材已取得的研究结果进行了分类。全氢聚硅氮烷应用于PS表面,通过PHPS改性PS衍生物,在保证两种聚合物相容性良好的前提下,获得了高硬度的有机无机杂化涂层;应用于PC表面,通过控制PHPS/PMMA接枝聚合物结构,获得了透明、附着力优异、硬度高的有机无机杂化涂层,PHPS/有机硅氮烷转化后的涂层也极大地提高了PC表面的硬度;应用于PET和PMMA表面,将PHPS直接涂覆在基材表面即可获得致密、透明、附着力优异的高硬度涂层;应用于其他塑料表面,还可以提高基材的水蒸气阻隔性能、热稳定性等。最后指出随着涂层材料应用领域的不断扩大及对防护性能要求的不断提高,PHPS转化涂层未来在塑料基材表面增硬方面发展潜力巨大,应用前景广阔。

PHPS for Hardening Coating on Plastic Surface

Plastic products are widely used in various fields. Due to the inherent features of high-molecular polymer, plastics are prone to show scratch under external forces, which not only influences the appearance, but also degrades the properties and the service life. Currently, hardening treatment technology has been widely developed and used and the hardening coating on the surface is a convenient method to solve this problem. Now, the domestic and foreign research progress of perhydropolysilazane (PHPS) based hardening coating is summarized and the research results for different plastics are classified. When used on PS surface, organic-inorganic coatings with high hardness were achieved due to the good compatibility between PHPS and PS derivatives. When applied to PC surface, organic-inorganic coatings with good transparency, adhesion and high hardness were obtained by controlling the PHPS/PMMA structures. The hardness of PC surface was also improved by PHPS/organosilazane derived coatings. When used on PET and PMMA surface, dense, transparent, high-adhesive and hard coatings were prepared by directly painting PHPS on the substrate surface. For application in other plastics, water vapor barrier property as well as thermal stability was enhanced. As the coating application filed expands and the protection requirement improves continuously, PHPS based coatings have great potential and wide application foreground in plastic surface hardening field in future.