表面活性剂对电子束制备纳米镍粉的影响

在水溶液中，于常温常压下分别使用聚乙烯醇（PVA）和十二烷基三甲基溴化胺（DTAB）为表面活性剂，用电子束辐照方法制备了纳米镍粉；用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、紫外可见分光光度计和红外光谱对所得产物进行了表征。结果表明：以PVA作表面活性剂得到相对纯的纳米镍粉，平均粒径约为12．6nm；而以DTAB为表面活性剂得到镍和三氧化二镍的混合物，平均粒径约为25nm;采用PVA为表面活性剂在产品的纯度和粒度上都优于DTAB。

Influence of Surfactants on Ultrafine Nickel Powders Prepared by Electron Beam-irradiation Method

Electron beam-irradiation method was applied to prepare nano-sized nickel powders in aqueous system at room temperature and ambient pressure using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and dodecyl trimethyl amine bromide(DTAB) as the surfactants respectively. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-vis), IR spectrum and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. The XRD analysis revealed that the relative pure nickel metal products with an average size of 12. 6 nm could be obtained using PVA as surfactant, a mixture of nickel and nickel sesquioxide products with an average size of 25 nm was obtained using DTAB as surfactant This suggests that PVA is prior to DTAB in the preparation of pure nano-sized nickel powders.