Formulation,invitro digestive study,and comparative fatty acid analysis of walnut oil-based infant formula,with human milk,animal milk,and commercial infant formula |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No.600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, Harbin 150030, China;2. Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, Harbin 150030, China;3. Departments of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad, University Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;1. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, PR China;1. College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;1. Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of P. R. China, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, PR China;1. College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;2. Hebei Meiyesiwei Biotechnology Co. Ltd., 072650, China;1. Department of Animal Health and Public Health, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, San Borja, 15021 Lima, Peru;2. Department of Food Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cami de Vera, s/n, E46022, Valencia, Spain;3. Food Technology Dept. Section, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Fatty acids content in walnut oil was investigated and compared with human milk, infant formula (IF) and animal milk (AM), then subjected to in-vitro digestion. Walnut oil (80.04 mg/g) and Human milk (73.11 mg/g) were comprised of unsaturated fatty acids, while AM (52.23 mg/g) and IF (40.50 mg/g) were significantly lower in unsaturated fatty acids. Confocal micrographs and particle size showed complete digestion of walnut oil-based infant formula (IFW) than AM and IF. Total fatty acid released during in-vitro digestion in different samples was IFW (2563.26 μmol/g fat), HM (2420.38 μmol/g fat), AM (1863.70 μmol/g), and in IF (3001.20 μmol/g). In IFW and HM, C18:2n6c was the highest single fatty acid released, with 47% and 40%, respectively, which was substantially different from AM and IF. Our research findings might help design an infant formula closer to human milk. |
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