Sintering behaviour of a glass obtained from MSWI ash |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan;2. Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan;3. Department of Natural and Mathematic Sciences, Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent, Kichik Halqa Yo''li 17, Tashkent 100095, Uzbekistan;4. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi''an 710055, PR China;5. Department of Textile Engineering, University of Uluda?, Gorukle, Bursa 16059, Turkey;1. Institut für Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnike II (IWE II), RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany;2. Institut für elektronische Materialien, Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI 7), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany;1. Department of the Built Environment, Unit Building Physics and Services, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands;2. Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, GSP-1 119991, Moscow, Russia;1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;2. Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;1. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;4. School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China;5. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China;6. Birmingham Centre for Energy Storage, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | The sintering behaviour of a glass obtained by Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash (WG) was investigated and compared with a Na2O–MgO–CaO–SiO2 composition (CG). The sintering activation energy, Esin, and the energy of viscous flow, Eη, were evaluated by dilatomeric measurements at different heating rates. The formation of crystalline phases was evaluated by Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transition Electron Microscopy (TEM). In CG, the sintering started at ≈1013 dPa s viscosity and Esin (245 kJ/mol) remains constant in the measured range of shrinkage, up to 9%. In WG the densification started at ≈1011 dPa s, Esin resulted to be 395 kJ/mol up to 5% shrinkage, 420 kJ/mol at 8% and 485 kJ/mol at 10% shrinkage. The sintering rate decreased due to the beginning of the pyroxene formation and the densification stopped in the temperature range 1073–1123 K after formation of 5 ± 3% and 13 ± 3% crystal phase, at 5 and 20 K/min, respectively. Higher densification and improved mechanical properties were obtained by applying the fast heating rate, i.e. 20 K/min. |
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