盐穴造腔模拟与形态控制试验装置研制

 我国盐穴储库建库地质条件具有层状分布、含夹层多、埋藏深度差异大的特点，控制多夹层盐穴的造腔形态对盐穴储库的长期稳定性和安全运营至关重要。成功研制盐穴造腔模拟与形态控制试验装置，为在室内模拟、确定最优的盐穴造腔工艺和形态控制参数提供先进的试验手段。该装置根据相似原理设计、制造，由试验装置框架、多场耦合模拟系统、注采循环系统、注采动态参数测量控制系统和盐腔形态动态数据采集系统等组成，其中，试验装置框架为主体结构，采用模块化设计；多场耦合模拟系统可模拟地温和地应力；注采循环系统可模拟注采水和控制油垫；注采动态参数测量控制系统可实现内外管高度、探头高度和角度控制；盐腔形态动态数据采集系统能实现造腔过程可视化录像和形态实时测量。试验装置可进行多夹层盐岩在多场耦合条件下不同施工工艺和参数对盐穴造腔过程影响与形态发展可视化模拟。通过不同尺寸盐芯试件的造腔模拟试验，结合溶腔发展预测及注油估算程序，证明了该试验装置能较好地模拟多夹层盐穴造腔可视化过程，试验确定的盐穴造腔施工和形态控制参数可应用于现场工程。

TESTING DEVICE DEVELOPMENT FOR CAVERN SIMULATION AND MORPHOLOGY CONTROL IN SALT ROCK

Salt rocks are layering distributed containing multiple interlayers and with big difference in burial depths across China. The shape control of salt cavern is critical for its stability and safe operation. A testing device for salt cavern simulation and morphology control was developed for determining the optimal construction process and the control parameters of morphology of the salt cavern in laboratory. The test device was designed according to the similarity principles. It is composed of a reaction framework，a coupled multi-field system，an injection cycle system，a dynamic parameter measurement and control system of the injection cycle and a system for salt cavern shape measuring，etc. The reaction framework is the modularized main structure. The coupled multi-field system can simulate the ground temperature and stress fields. The injection cycle system can simulate the injection of water and the control of oil pad. The dynamic parameter measurement and control system of injection cycle can achieve a good control of the pipe heights inside and outside and the height and angle of the probes. The system for salt cavern shape measuring can provide a video-visualization and a real-time shape measurement in the construction process of salt caverns. The device was tested on the constructions of caverns of different sizes inside the salt samples and was confirmed to be capable of providing the visual simulation of the cavern construction and the shape evolution of the embedded salt rock under the condition of the coupled multi-fields with different construction technologies and parameters.