超声波处理乳化液在金属切削中的试验研究

为了研究超声波处理对乳化液冷却润滑性能的影响，设计了用于切削试验的乳化液超声波处理系统，并在干切、未采用超声波处理乳化液和采用超声波处理乳化液三种条件下，采用YT15刀具车削45钢进行了对比试验。结果表明：使用超声波处理乳化液时，切削力可比干切和未采用超声波处理乳化液时分别减小10%~15%和5%~10%;变形系数也减小了，切屑形貌得到改善。通过测量液体粒度可知，超声波处理使乳化液的分子团粒径减小，乳化液进入切削区毛细管的可能性增大，说明超声波处理能够提高乳化液的冷却润滑作用效果，也可理解为间接地减少了乳化液的用量，有利于节能减排。

Experimental Study on Ultrasonic Treatment Emulsion Fluid in Metal Cutting

For investigating the effects of ultrasonic treatment on the cooling and lubricating action of emulsion fluid, an ultrasonic treatment system of emulsion fluid was developed to be used in cutting experiments. And the comparison experiments were carried out with YT15 tool turning 45 steel, under three conditions of dry cutting, un-treating emulsion fluid and ultrasonic treating emulsion fluid. The results show that as ultrasonic treatment one is used the cutting forces decrease about 10%~15% and 5%~10% to dry cutting and un-treating emulsion fluid; the cutting deformation coefficients reduce too; and the chip appearances are enhanced. According to the measurement data, the granularity of molecules in emulsion fluid, by ultrasonic treatment, become small, and this can increase the possibility of emulsion fluid entering the capillaries in cutting zone. Therefore, the cooling and lubricating performances of the emulsion fluid are improved by ultrasonic treatment. As a result, the quantity of emulsion fluid will reduce indirectly, and this helps to energy saving and emission reduction.