生态水工学的工程理念

水是生态系统的重要组成部分，河流、湖泊中的水与生物群落（包括动物、植物、微生物）共存，通过气候系统、水文循环、食物链、养分循环及能量交换相互交织在一起。水是生物群落生命的载体，又是能量流动和物质循环的介质。水体与生物群落相互依存，相互作用，形成了江河湖泊的自净能力，水利工程学应吸收，融合生态学的理论，建立和发展生态水工学。在满足人们对水的各种不同需求的同时，水利工程还应满足水域生态系统完整性，依存性的要求，恢复与建设洁净的水环境，实现人与自然的和谐。

Engineering Concept of Ecological Hydraulic Engineering

Water is an important part in ecological system. Water in rivers and lakes coexists with biotic community (including animals, plants and microbios), and related with each other through climate system, hydrological cycling, food chain, nutrient cycling and energy exchange. Water is not only a carrier of lives in biotic community but also a medium for energy movement and matter cycling. Water bodies and biotic communities are interdependent and interacted with each other, which produces self-purification capacities of rivers and lakes. Hydraulic engineering should absorb and merge the theory of ecology and create or develop into ecological hydraulic engineering. Waterworks should satisfy the nature of completion and dependence of a water body ecosystem while meeting the various requirements of human. A clear water environment should be restored and created so that to achieve a coexistence of human and nature.