区域电力系统最优备用容量模型与算法

建立实现备用容量最小的区域互联电力系统最优备用容量数学模型，推算多区域互联电力系统的联络线功率增量方程，以及区域互联电力系统频率偏差与区域备用容量的关系表达式。针对问题的具体特点，运用自适应免疫遗传算法对该模型进行求解，充分考虑频率偏差、负荷的随机波动以及区域互联系统运行的各种可靠安全约束，分别对独立的电力系统以及通过交直流联络线互联组成的区域电力系统进行仿真计算，可得到一天中24个时段的弹性备用容量。独立电力系统的算例表明：随着电力系统规模的扩大以及装机容量的逐步增大，最优备用容量占最大负荷的比例会逐步减小，可以减小0.395%~9.366%。对区域互联系统的算例表明：当区域系统互联时可以在一定程度上减小区域系统的备用容量，互联区域系统比各个独立系统的备用容量要减少1.036%~1.858%，节约了互联区域电力系统的成本，在一定程度上提高了区域互联系统运行的经济性。实例计算结果验证了所提模型的合理性、所提方法的可行性。

Immune Genetic Algorithms for Modeling Optimal Reserve Capacity of Interconnected Regional Power Systems

This paper presented modeling optimal reserve of interconnected regional power systems based on immune genetic algorithms, placed emphasis on derivative real power increment equation of the tie lines and derivative the connected expression between offset frequency and optimal reserve capacity. According to the complex characteristics of the problem, the adaptive immune genetic algorithm (AIGA) is used to calculate the optimal reserve capacity, taking into sufficient account offset frequency, load fluctuation and security reliability constraints of the regional interconnected power system. The proposed method has been validated on three independent power systems and regional interconnected power systems. The results of the independent power systems show that with the development of installed capacity, and scale of transmission and distribution of power system, the optimal reserve capacity occupying the biggest load ratio reduces gradually by 0.395%~9.366%. The results of regional interconnected power system show that when the regional power systems are interconnected, the optimal reserve capacity can reduce to some extent. The reserve capacity of regional interconnected power system can reduce by 1.034%~1.858% compared to each independent power system reserve capacity.