高硼铸钢的研究进展

高硼铸钢是以B为主要合金元素的新型耐磨材料。围绕高硼铸钢组织中的Fe_2B,简单介绍了合金元素对高硼铸钢组织及力学性能的影响。然而,除耐磨以外,高硼铸钢在耐高温熔体(Zn、Al)腐蚀方面也展现出优异的性能。结合笔者已有的研究成果,重点介绍了新型高硼铸钢的耐铝液腐蚀及耐铝液腐蚀-磨损性能,硼化物对改善高硼铸钢的耐铝液腐蚀及耐铝液腐蚀-磨损性能起到了非常重要的作用。富Cr和富Mo的Fe_2B在铝液腐蚀过程中表现出不同的行为:富Cr的Fe_2B与铝液反应生成周期性层片结构,而富Mo的Fe_2B则是发生断裂、剥落;在铝液腐蚀-磨损过程中,初生富Cr的Fe_2B发生Fe元素的优先溶解,之后在磨损的作用下开裂、剥落,但相关机理还需深入研究。最后,对高硼铸钢的研究进行了展望。

Research Progress on High Boron Cast Steel

High boron cast steels are novel wear resistance materials mainly alloyed by B element.Focused on the Fe2 B phases in high boron cast steels,the effects of alloying elements on the microstructures and mechanical properties are reviewed.Besides,high boron cast steels also show superior corrosion resistance and corrosion-wear resistance of molten Zn and Al.Based on the author's recent progress referring to novel high boron cast steels,their corrosion resistance and corrosion-wear resistance of molten Al were introduced.Borides played a key role in improving the high boron cast steels' corrosion resistance and corrosion-wear resistance of molten Al.Cr-rich Fe2 B and Mo-rich Fe2 B act differently during the corrosion of molten Al.A periodic layered structure is formed during the interfacial reaction between Cr-rich Fe2 B and molten Al,while Mo-rich Fe2 B fractures and no chemical reaction happens.Preferential dissolution happens during the corrosion-wear of the primary Cr-rich Fe2B in molten Al.Then,they crack and peel off under the action of wear.However,the corresponding mechanism needs to be investigated further.At last,the development trends of high boron cast steels were also proposed.