Ni、Si元素配比对Cu-Cr-Zr合金组织与性能的影响

在Cu-Cr-Zr合金中添加Ni、Si元素,制备Cu-0.6Cr-0.15Zr、Cu-2.8Ni-0.7Si-0.6Cr-0.15Zr(w(Ni)/w(Si)=4∶1)、Cu-2.8Ni-0.9Si-0.6Cr-0.15Zr(w(Ni)/w(Si)4∶1)、Cu-2.8Ni-0.56Si-0.6Cr-0.15Zr(w(Ni)/w(Si)4∶1)共4种合金。研究了Ni、Si元素及其配比对合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明:Ni、Si元素细化了合金组织,增强了合金高温力学性能。合金时效初期先析出CrSi2化合物,时效后期析出相颗粒主要有CrSi2、Ni2Si、ZrCrSi2,形态为长条形、椭圆形及圆盘状。时效处理后,与Cu-0.6Cr-0.15Zr合金相比,加入Ni、Si元素后合金硬度从131HV上升到240HV以上;导电率从88%IACS左右降到40%IACS左右。Ni、Si元素配比对导电率的峰值影响有限,在4%IACS~9%IACS;对硬度峰值的影响在20HV~30HV之间。

Effect of Ni and Si Mass Ratio on Microstructure and Properties of Cu-Cr-Zr Alloy

Ni and Si were added in Cu-Cr-Zr alloy to prepare Cu-0.6Cr-0.15Zr,Cu-2.8Ni-0.7Si-0.6Cr-0.15Zr (w(Ni)/w(Si) =4 ∶ 1),Cu-2.8Ni-0.9Si-0.6Cr-0.15Zr (w(Ni)/w(Si)＜4 ∶ 1) and Cu-2.8Ni-0.56Si-0.6Cr-0.15Zr (w(Ni)/w(Si) ＞ 4 ∶ 1)four kinds of alloy.The influence of Ni,Si and their mass ratio on the microstructure and properties of the alloy were studied.The results indicated that Si and Ni could refine the microstructure of the alloy and enhance the mechanical properties of the alloy at high temperature.In the early aging stage,the CrSi2 phase was precipitated,and CrSi2,Ni2Si,ZrCrSi2 phases were precipitated at the later aging stage,with elongated,oval and round shapes.After aging treatment,the addition of Ni,Si elements resulted in an increase of the alloy's hardness from 131HV to higher than 240HV,compared to Cu-0.6Cr-0.15Zr alloy.The electrical conductivity of the alloy decreased from 88％IACS to about 40℃ IACS.The Ni to Si mass ratio had limited effect on the conductivity of the alloy (between 4％IACS-9％IACS) and the change of peak value of the hardness was between 20HV-30HV.