Prognostic factors of multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma is a heterogeneous disease with survival ranging from a few months to many years. Several clinical parameters (S beta 2-M) are a direct expression of the tumor burden and have been shown by univariate analysis to be related to patient survival. Durie and Salmon developed a myeloma staging system that analyzed the presenting clinical features, response to treatment and survival duration. But this classification is not related to the intrinsic malignancy (labeling index). Many new parameters (genetic alterations, plasma cell evaluation; serum marqueurs, immune dysregulation) related to patient response to chemotherapy and survival duration have been identified. However, they have not yet been included in standard staging and compared with the recognized prognostic parameters in multivariate analysis. There is a need to create a new international myeloma staging system based on biological features of the disease.