3-D measurement and evaluation of surface texture produced by scraping process

The scraping process involves traditional manual work and is an important technique for producing flat bearing surfaces with lubricating grooves on a sliding surface. In order to meet the requirements of precision engineering, the scraped surface should have an equally distributed pattern with a required number of high points per unit area while retaining good flatness. In the machine tool manufacturer’s workshop, however, the quality inspection of scraped surfaces still depends on human eyes. In this study, a 2-D evaluation system is first developed using image processing so that the peak points per area of square inch (PPI) and the percentage of points (POP) can be quantified as parameters. A vision-assisted laser focus probe system is then developed to measure the 3-D form of the scraped profiles. The laser probe is made of a DVD pickup head based on the astigmatic principle. Driven by an XY stage, the entire scraped profile can rapidly be scanned. The quality of the scraped surface can thus be interpreted in a more scientific manner. Based on the measured 3-D data, new evaluation methods are proposed for five parameters, namely the PPI, POP, height of points (HOP) or depth of surroundings (DOS), flatness, and oil retention volume. Experiments show that the 3-D system is consistent with the 2-D system. It not only reveals more surface quality parameters but also uncovers more characteristic surface phenomena than the 2-D image system.