Anisogrid composite lattice structures - Development and aerospace applications

The paper is an overview of the recent Russian experience in development and applications of Anisogrid (Anisotropic Grid) composite lattice structures. Anisogrid structures have the form of cylindrical (in general, not circular) or conical shells and consist of a dense system of unidirectional composite helical, circumferential and axial ribs made by continuous filament winding 1] and 2].High weight and cost efficiency of Anisogrid structures is provided by high specific (with respect to density) strength and stiffness of unidirectional ribs used as the basic load-carrying elements of the structure and by automatic winding process resulting in low-cost integral structures. Anisogrid structures proposed about 30 years ago are under serial production in Central Research Institute of Special Machinery (CRISM) which develops lattice interstages, payload attach fittings (adapters) and spacecraft structures for Russian space programs. By now, about 40 successful launches have been undertaken with Anisogrid composite lattice structures.The paper provides the information about fabrication processes, design and analysis methods, mechanical properties of the basic structural elements and application of Anisogrid composite design concept to aerospace structures.