膳食中n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对2型糖尿病患者血糖和胰岛素敏感性的影响

2型糖尿病是世界上最常见的慢性疾病之一。膳食中的n-3多不饱和脂肪酸可能会减少亚洲人的2型糖尿病风险, 中国2型糖尿病患者血浆磷脂n-3不饱和脂肪酸与胰岛素敏感性呈正相关。而欧美的前瞻性研究均发现, 鱼类的摄入和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的摄入会增加2型糖尿病的发病风险, 在西方白种人群中进行的n-3多不饱和脂肪酸干预的随机对照试验也并未发现n-3多不饱和脂肪酸能够改善患者胰岛素抵抗水平或血糖水平, n-3多不饱和脂肪酸甚至可轻微地降低患者胰岛素的敏感性。本文综述了目前n-3多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量与2型糖尿病风险之间的关系。

Effect of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood glucose and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) might decrease risk of type 2 diabetes in Asians, and plasma phospholipids n-3 PUFA were positively associated with insulin sensitivity in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients. Prospective study in Europe and the United States found that the intake of fish and n-3 PUFA intake increased the risk of type 2 diabetes, the Western Caucasian n-3 PUFA acid randomized controlled trials found that n-3 PUFA could not improve insulin resistance and blood sugar levels, and n-3 PUFA even slightly reduced the patient's insulin sensitivity. This paper summarised the current insight of the relatioship between dietary n-3 PUFA intake and type 2 diabetes risk.