机载雷达在黄河稳封期冰厚测量中的应用

为提高稳封期河道冰厚的测量效率,利用机载雷达对黄河内蒙古什四份子弯道进行了冰厚测验,并与量冰尺实测冰厚进行了对比。结果表明,什四份子弯道稳封期凹岸一侧冰厚范围在50～90 cm左右,比凸岸一侧冰厚约厚10～30 cm;清沟两侧冰厚分布一致,平均约50 cm,离清沟越近冰厚越小。机载雷达的测冰效果,平封冰盖最好(绝对误差小于5 cm)、立封冰盖次之、堆积冰盖最差,雷达实测冰厚与量冰尺实测冰厚的标准差为0.039 4,随机不确定度为7.88%,满足冰厚观测规范要求。机载雷达能快速对较大尺度的冰厚区域进行连续测量,极大地提升了冰厚的测验效率,可应用于黄河稳封期的冰厚测验。

Application of airborne radar in ice thickness measurement during stable freezing period of Yellow River

In order to improve the measurement efficiency of river ice thickness during the stable freezing period, the ice thickness measurement of the Shisifenzi bend in Inner Mongolia of the Yellow River was carried out by using the airborne radar, and the ice thickness was compared with the measured values of ice ruler. The results show that the thickness of the ice on the concave bank side is in the range of 50~90 cm, which is about 10~30 cm thicker than that on the convex side. The thickness of the ice on both sides of the free flow is consistent, with an average thickness of about 50 cm, and the closer to the free flow, the lesser the thickness of the ice. For the ice measurement effect of airborne radar, the flat seal ice sheet is the best(absolute error less than 5 cm), the vertical freeze-up ice sheet is the second, and the accumulation ice sheet is the worst. The standard deviation of the measured ice thickness between radar and ice ruler is 0. 039 4, and the random uncertainty is 7. 88%, satisfying the requirements of the ice thickness observation specification. The airborne radar can quickly measure the ice thickness in a large scale continuously, which greatly improves the test efficiency of ice thickness and can be applied to ice thickness tests during the stable freezing period of the Yellow River.