人为因素对滏阳河邯郸段河流水化学的影响

通过对滏阳河邯郸段河水的12组水样进行化学全分析和重金属元素分析,揭示出流域内主要存在干流河水(HCO3.SO4-Na.Ca型)、岩溶泉水(SO4.HCO3-Na.Ca型)、水库水(HCO3.SO4-Mg.Ca型)、煤矿井排水(HCO3.SO4-Na.Ca或HCO3.SO4-Ca型)和城市废水(Cl.SO4-Ca.Na或Cl-Na型)5种类型的水质,前3者总溶解性固体值(TDS)小于1g/L,后2者TDS值大于1g/L。从东武仕水库开始往下游,干流河水中Ca2+、Mg2+、Na++K+、HCO3-、SO42-、Cl-和NH4+的浓度以及总溶解性固体TDS值均随着径流途径延长而显著增加,pH值趋于降低,河流呈现出盐渍化和酸化的趋势,这种趋势以及河水氮污染、局部的重金属离子污染构成河流水化学人为因素影响的主要特征,人为因素影响的主要机制包括人工蒸发、直接物质输入和通过影响环境加剧化学风化作用的强度。

Artificial influence on hydrochemistry of Fuyang river in Handan area

Based on the systemic chemical analysis for the Fuyang River in Handan area, it is revealed that: (1) there mainly are five type waters as mainstream, karst, reservoir, coal mine drainage and city waste ones in this valley, among which the water types are HCO3•SO4-Na•Ca for mainstream, SO4•HCO3-Na•Ca for karst, HCO3•SO4-Mg•Ca for reservoir, HCO3•SO4-Na•Ca or CO3•SO4-Ca for coal mine drainage, and Cl•SO4-Ca•Na or Cl-Na for city waste waters, while the total dissolved solids (TDS) are less than 1 g/L for the former three type waters and great than 1 g/L for the latter two ones; (2) there is a trend of salinization and acidification for the river with the notable increase of concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na++K+, HCO3-, SO42-, Cl- and NH4+, and TDS values in the mainstream water along the river pathway starting from the Dongwushi Reservoir, and the decrease of pH value; (3) the salinization, acidification, nitrogen pollution and local heavy metal pollution for this river are the main hydrochemical characteristic of the river influenced by artificial factors, and the most important mechanisms of such an influence are manufactural evaporation, direct importing chemicals and intensification of chemichal weathering through environmental change.