用于储能系统锂电池pack热设计的仿真计算与实验研究

以26650电池为研究对象,针对用于100 kW·h/480 V储能系统的锂电池pack进行模块化结构设计、数值模拟和试验研究。根据储能系统对电池子系统模块温度一致性、电压电流一致性、机械可靠性、装配工艺性以及模块标准化要求,运用CFD流体传热计算机数值仿真模拟和实验方法对电池模块、集流板以及电池机柜的关键参数进行分析研究。研究表明:合理的电池间隙不仅让冷却风与每个电池进行充分热交换,还能改善风冷通道、减少模块体积;增加斜板设计可以使模块内部各电池组冷却均匀,有效解决电池因热累积带来的温升过高问题;集流板优化设计可以改善电池单体外连接件电阻的一致性,从而改善充放电电流、电压的一致性。为电池模块的开发、大规模储能系统集成以及研制满足国际技术要求兆瓦级储能系统提供参考。

Simulation Calculation and Experimental Study of Thermal Design for Lithium Battery Pack Used in Energy Storage System

With 26650 batteries as the research object, modular structural design, numerical simulation and experimental study were carried out for the lithium battery pack used in a 100 kWh/480 V energy storage system. According to the requirements of energy storage system for the battery subsystem module''s temperature consistency, voltage-current consistency, mechanical reliability, assembly manufacturability and module standardization, CFD fluid heat transfer computer numerical simulations and an experimental method were used to analyze the key parameters of the battery module, collector plate, and battery cabinet. Research shows that a reasonable battery clearance not only allows the cooling air to be fully exchanged with each battery, but also improves the air-cooling duct and reduces the module''s volume. In addition, the addition of slanting plate design can ensure the cooling uniformity of each battery pack in the module and effectively solve the problem of excessive temperature rise caused by heat accumulation. The optimized design of the collector plate can improve the consistency of resistances connected to a single battery on its outside, thus improving the voltage-current consistency during charging and discharging. The result in this paper provides reference for the development of battery module, the integration of large-scale energy storage system, as well as the research and development of MW-level energy storage systems that satisfy the international technological standard.