刚体碰撞约束柔性体局部撞击载荷特征分析

目的 掌握碰撞局部撞击载荷及其特征，为产品安全防护设计、碰撞响应分析与评估提供理论基础。方法 抽象刚体碰撞柔性体的共性特征，分别将被撞击柔性体的碰撞局部刚度特性和整体结构效应表征为弹簧力-位移关系，建立系统的二自由度刚-柔碰撞动力学模型，应用数值方法系统分析刚柔碰撞局部撞击载荷的特征及不同因素的影响。结果 获得了刚体初始碰撞速度、柔性体碰撞局部刚度特性与整体结构效应等主要因素对局部撞击载荷时程、冲量、峰值和脉宽等撞击载荷特征的影响规律。结论 深化了刚-柔碰撞局部撞击载荷的认知，为防护结构设计提供了理论基础。

Characteristics of Local Impact Force between Rigid Body and Constrained Flexible Body

The work aims to understand the local impact force and characteristics of collisions, so as to provide a the-oretical basis for product safety protection design, and analysis and evaluation of impact response. The local stiffness characteristics and overall structural effects of the collided flexible body were respectively characterized as the spring force-displacement relationship by abstracting common features of rigid-flexible collision. A two-degree-of-freedom rigid-flexible collision dynamics model of the system was established. The characteristics and different influencing factors of local impact force between rigid body and constrained flexible body were analyzed systematically with numerical methods. The law of influences of the main factors such as the initial collision velocity of the rigid body, the local stiffness characteristics and the overall structural effect of the flexible body impact on the characteristics such as time history, impulse, peak and pulse width of the local impact force were obtained. The understanding of the local impact force of rigid-flexible collision is deepened to provide the theoretical basis for the protective structure design.