结构参数对仿生翅片翼气动性能影响

为提高翼型气动性能,提出一种仿生翅片翼型.以NACA0018为例,在翼型吸力面布置固定仿生翅片翼,分析翅片翼的相对位置、相对长度结构参数及两者综合效应对仿生翅片翼改变翼型气动特性的能力的影响,并从流场角度分析仿生翅片翼的作用机理.数值计算结果表明:以翅片翼的最佳控制效果作为衡量标准,靠近前缘处翅片翼对大分离流动效果显著,靠近尾缘的翅片翼对于中度的流动分离效果较好;相对长度与翅片翼气动性能呈非线性关系,且长度过短时无法对分离层产生有效分割,过长时影响分离层上方的流体.当翅片翼末端刚好接触分离层的边缘时,控制效果最佳;仿生翅片翼的气动性能是由翅片翼的相对位置、相对长度共同决定的,单变量的研究难以准确地解释其中的规律.

Influence of structural parameters on aerodynamic performance of biomimetic finned wings

To improve the aerodynamic performance of airfoil, a biomimetic fin airfoil is proposed. Taking NACA0018 as an example, a fixed biomimetic fin wing is arranged on the airfoil suction surface, and the relative position and length of the fin wing and their effects on the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil and the mechanism of the biomimetic fin wing are analyzed. The numerical results show that the fin wing near the front edge has a significant effect on the large separation flow and the fin wing near the trailing edge has a good effect on the moderate flow separation. The relative length has non-linear relationship with the aerodynamic performance, and when the length is too short, the separation layer cannot be effectively segmented, and if it is too long, the fluid above the separation layer is affected. When the tip of the fin wing just touches the edge of the separation layer, the control effect is the best. The aerodynamic performance of the biomimetic fin wing is determined by the relative position and relative length of the fin wing.