基于人机工程的踏板电动车儿童安全座椅设计

目的 针对近年来儿童乘坐电动自行车频发伤亡事故的现状，研究现有电动车儿童安全座椅不合理的人机关系；从安全性、易用性的角度出发，为儿童安全座椅提供设计依据。方法 采用人机工程学理论，综合分析了儿童安全座椅的人机工程学因素；运用产品设计中人体尺寸的应用原则，对儿童安全座椅进行了安全、合理的人机尺寸设计；使用调查法对儿童安全座椅的使用场景与使用方式进行了调研，得出了儿童安全座椅须符合人机工程学的功能与结构设计要求；依据儿童的生理和心理特征，对造型要素进行了分析。结果 从可调节性、便携性、安全性等方面展开了研究，得出了儿童安全座椅的合理尺寸与结构设计要求，基于儿童的心理与生理特征，得出了安全座椅的造型设计要求。结论 以踏板电动车为例，进行儿童安全座椅的创新设计实践，实现以人为中心，安全、舒适、便携的人机关系。

Design of Children's Safety Seat on Electric Bike Based on Ergonomics

The work aims to study the unreasonable man-machine relationship of the children''s safety seat of the existing electric bike regarding the present situation of frequent injuries and death of children who take electric bikes in recent years, and provide design basis for the children''s safety seat from the perspective of safety and usability. The ergonomics theory was used to comprehensively analyze the ergonomics factors of the children''s safety seat. According to the application principle of human body size in product design, a safe and reasonable human-machine size design was carried out for the children''s safety seat. The use scene and use mode of the children''s safety seat were investigated in the investigation method, and it was concluded that the children''s safety seat must meet the functional and structural design requirements of ergonomics. According to children''s physiological and psychological characteristics, the form elements were analyzed. According to the study carried out from the perspective of adjustability, portability and safety, the reasonable size and structural design requirements of the children''s safety seat were achieved. Based on psychological and physical features of the children, the form design requirements of safety seat were obtained. With electric bike as an example, the innovative design and practice of children''s safety seat are conducted to achieve the man-machine relationship, which is considered as human-centered, safe, comfortable and portable.