共享单车生命周期评价对比分析

目的 对共享单车的环境影响进行对比分析，从设计的角度提出改进建议，旨在弥补作为可持续产品服务系统的共享单车，在产品可持续上的欠缺，让共享单车更可持续。方法 在生命周期评价理论的框架指导下，对ofo 4.0与摩拜经典版2.0的环境影响进行对比分析，采用敏感性分析方法，分析共享单车生命周期对影响因素变化的敏感性。结果 提供等量的出行服务，ofo 4.0比摩拜经典版2.0对环境产生的影响更大，共享单车生命周期的环境影响对使用寿命最敏感。结论 延长使用寿命可以有效减少共享单车对环境的影响，具体建议是，在设计过程中应注意节材，在保证性能的情况下，优先使用环境影响低且耐用的材料；注意共享单车的拆卸回收性以及面向用户的不易拆卸性；通过面向服务的模块化设计，实现单车的快速更新换代和低成本的个性化服务。

Contrastive Analysis on Life Cycle Assessment of Bike-Sharing

The work aims to conduct comparative analysis on the environmental impact of bike-sharing and propose improvement suggestions from the perspective of design, so as to make up for the lack of product sustainability of bike-sharing as a sustainable product service system and keep more sustainable. Under the guidance of the framework of life cycle evaluation theory, comparative analysis on the environmental impacts of ofo 4.0 and Mobike classic 2.0 was carried out. Sensitivity analysis method was used to analyze the sensitivity of bike-sharing life cycle to the change of influencing factors. When the same amount of travel service was provided, ofo 4.0 had a greater environmental impact than Mobike classic 2.0. The environmental impact of the bike-sharing life cycle was most sensitive to the service life. Extended service life can effectively reduce the impact of bike-sharing on the environment. The specific recommendations are as follows: attention should be paid to material saving in the design process and materials with low environmental impact and durability should be used first when performance is guaranteed. Disassembly recycling of bike-sharing and the disassembly difficulty for users should be focused. Through service-oriented modular design, the rapid update and low cost personalized service of bicycle can be realized.