高能炸药驱动下弹体膨胀破碎过程试验研究

为了获得高能炸药驱动下战斗部壳体破碎机理,选取新型弹体材料30CrMnSiNi2A钢、40CrMnSiB钢以及典型弹体材料50SiMnVB钢,采用超高速摄影技术拍摄壳体静爆,获得了不同弹体材料壳体膨胀破碎过程,引入弹体径向膨胀系数,建立了考虑弹体材料性能影响的壳体径向膨胀距离随时间变化的函数关系式,并试验测定了三种材料弹体形成破片的最大初速。分析试验结果发现,新型弹体材料壳体膨胀速度和破片初速更大,相比50SiMnVB钢壳体,30CrMnSiNi2A钢和40CrMnSiB钢壳体形成破片的最大初速分别提高了19.0%和31.9%。不同合金钢材料壳体形成破片初速沿壳体轴向分布规律相同,最大初速出现在距起爆点约70%圆筒长度处。该研究结果将为杀爆战斗部壳体材料选取及设计提供参考依据。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EXPANSION AND FRACTURE OF PROJECTILES UNDER HIGH POWER EXPLOSIVES

To acquire the fracture mechanism of warhead shells under high power explosives, three projectile materials: 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, 40CrMnSiB steel and 50SiMnVB steel were examined. By capturing static burst of the projectiles using an ultra-high speed camera, the expansion and fracture processes of the three projectiles were obtained. The radial expansion coefficient of projectiles was employed to derive the relationship between the radial projectile expansion and time, taking into consideration projectile material properties. In addition, the maximum initial velocities of fragmentation of the three materials were tested. It was found that, the velocity of projectile expansion and the initial velocity of projectile fragmentation of new materials were larger. Compared with the 50SiMnVB steel shell, the maximum initial velocities of projectile fragmentation were improved by 19.0% and 31.9% for 30CrMnSiNi2A steel and 40CrMnSiB steel, respectively. The distribution of initial velocity of fragmentation along the axis of the projectile was the same for different projectile materials, and the maximum initial velocity occurred at 70% of the projectile length away from the ignition point. This study is expected to provide guidance for material selection and design for fragmenting warhead shells.