GPS技术在变形监测中的应用综述

全球定位系统GPS（Global Positiming System）,以其连续、实时、高精度、全天候测量和自动化程度高等优点,对经典大地测量学以及地球动力学研究的诸多方面产生了极其深刻的影响,在工程及灾害监测中的应用也越来越广泛.然而,目前GPS在变形监测方面的应用也存在不足和局限性.本文首先对常规大地测量技术、特殊变形测量手段、摄影测量技术和GPS技术用于变形监测的现状及其特点进行总结,然后对目前GPS用于变形监测的模式、数据处理方法及其存在的问题作一介绍和分析,最后探讨GPS变形监测技术的发展趋势.

OVERVIEW OF THE APPLICATION OF GPS IN DEFORMATION MONITORING

Global Positioning System(GPS)has made a strong impact on many aspects of traditional geodesy and geodynamics due to its 24 hours availability, real-time, high precision, operability under all weather conditions and automation. It is more and more widely used in engineering and hazard monitoring. In this paper, first of all, the present situation and features of the applications of traditional geodesy, photogrammetry, special deformation monitoring and GPS technologies in deformation monitoring are summarized. Then the deformation monitoring model, data processing method and limitations of the applications of GPS in deformation monitoring are introduced and analysed. In the end, the development trend of GPS deformation monitoring technology is probed into.