4种品牌银鳕鱼品质分析与比较

目的:分析对比市场销量较高的4种品牌银鳕鱼的品质。方法:利用感官分析、色差仪、质构仪和气相色谱质谱联用仪对4种品牌银鳕鱼的感官品质、白度、质构以及挥发性风味物质进行检测。结果:4种品牌的银鳕鱼中，BS的银鳕鱼感官评分最高，BI与WH次之，ILU最低；BS色泽最好、其次为BI与WH,ILU最差；ILU的硬度和咀嚼性显著高于其他3种品牌，BS的弹性显著低于其他3种品牌，4种品牌银鳕鱼的内聚性无显著差异；4种品牌的银鳕鱼共检出122种挥发性物质(不含内标物),其中烃类、醇类、酯类含量较高，是鳕鱼的主体风味物质，分别为53,20,17种，检出的挥发性物质中有24种在4种品牌中均有检出，ILU、BI、BS、WH分别共检出85,63,53,53种挥发性物质，各自独有的挥发性物质分别有40,6,10,5种。结论:BS的感官品质和色泽最好，但弹性稍差，ILU的硬度和咀嚼性最好，且整体风味明显优于其他3种品牌，BI、BS与WH的各类挥发性风味物质的种类和含量均比较接近。

Quality analysis and comparison of four brands of silver cod

Objective: This study aimed to analyze and compare the quality of four brands of silver cod that have high market sales. Methods: The sensory quality, whiteness, texture and volatile flavor substances of four brands of silver cod were detected by sensory analysis, colorimeter, texture analyzer and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: Among the four brands of silver cod, BS had the highest sensory score, followed by BI and WH, and ILU had the lowest. BS had the best whiteness, followed by BI and WH, while ILU had the worst. ILU had significantly higher hardness and chewiness than the other three brands, and BS had significantly lower elasticity than the other three brands, and there was no significant difference in the cohesion of the four brands of silver cod. A total of 122 kinds of volatile substances (excluding internal standards) were detected in the four brands of silver cod, of which hydrocarbons, alcohols and esters were at a high level and were the main flavoring substances of cod, accounting for 53, 20 and 17 respectively. 24 kinds of volatile substances detected were found in all four brands, and a total of 85, 63, 53 and 53 volatile substances were detected in ILU, BI, BS and WH respectively, with 40, 6, 10 and 5 kinds of volatile substances unique to each. Conclusion: BS had the best sensory quality and colour but slightly less elasticity, and ILU had the best hardness, chewiness and a significantly better overall flavor than the other three brands. BI, BS and WH were relatively similar in terms of type and content of various volatile flavor substances.