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Fabrication of in situ Al2O3 reinforced nanostructure 304 stainless steel matrix composite by self-propagating high temperature synthesis process
Affiliation:1. Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1111, Mashhad, Iran;2. Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran;1. Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Department Design for Sustainability, Delft University of Technology, Landbergstraat 15, 2628 CE Delft, The Netherlands;2. Department of Industrial Design, University of Technology Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands;3. Oeko-Institut e.V. Institute for Applied Ecology, P.O. Box 17 71, 79017 Freiburg, Germany
Abstract:304 austenitic stainless steel reinforced by Al2O3 particles was prepared by microwave assisted self-propagating high temperature synthesis process using the Fe2O3Cr2O3NiOAlFe reaction system. Furthermore, effects of mechanical activation of the reactants and the addition of 21.2 wt.% extra Al to the chemical composition of the reactants on the chemical composition of the produced stainless steel was investigated. Atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis results indicated that by the addition of extra Al to the reactant mixture and using 30 minute mechanical activation, stainless steel containing 17.27 wt.% Cr and 7.73 wt.% Ni could be produced with its chemical composition very close to the chemical composition of 304 stainless steel. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the stainless steel contains nanostructured austenite and ferrite phases. Also microstructural characterizations indicated that there is a uniform distribution of black particles in the steel matrix. Energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis showed that these particles are composed of Al and O elements while the matrix contains Fe, Cr and Ni elements. The presence of Al2O3 particles and nanostructure matrix improved the hardness and therefore the wear properties of the composite in comparison with the wrought 304 stainless steel plate.
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