月季花色素的提取及稳定性研究

以月季花为原料提取月季花色素，并对影响它提取率的因素：提取剂、提取温度、提取pH值、提取剂用量、提取次数等方面进行大量实验研究，进行分析得出提取月季花色素的最佳条件为40℃水浴下，用pH=4．0的95％乙醇溶液以1：10的料液比回流提取1．0h（3—4次）得到产率较高的色素，从而设计出月季花色素提取工艺；对色素的耐酸碱性、耐热性、耐光性、耐氧化、耐还原性、及对食品添加剂食盐、蔗糖、柠檬酸等方面进行测定分析得出：月季花色素具有较好的耐热耐酸碱耐氧化能力，而耐光性及对还原剂适应的能力较差，对食品添加剂适应能力较强；最后通过各种金属离子对该色素色泽的影响实验，得出大多数金属离子（除Fe^3＋、Cu^2＋、Al^3＋）对该色素色泽无影响，从而得出该色素在食品、饮料、糖果及酒类等方面，具有很大的开发应用和前景。

Rose Flower Pigments and Stability

Rose flower pigment was extracted using rose flower as raw materials. The factors on the extraction rate such as solvent, extraction temperature, extraction of pH, extraction dosage, frequency were studied. The results showed that the optimum conditions were the 40℃water bath, pH = 4.0 in 5% ethanol solution to the 1：10 ratio of material to liquid immersion of 1.0 h（3 -4 times） to yield higher pigment. Stability of the rose flower pigment about the corrosion resistance, heat - resistance, resistance to oxidation - reduction, and the food additive salt, sugar, citric acid, and other aspects were analyzed. The results showed that the largest absorption was 366 nm. The rose flowers pigment dissolved in polar solvents, but didn t dissolve in unpolar organic solvents. It was not stable to light, temperature and reduction, but it was resistant to acid alkali, oxidants. Finally, through various metal ions on the pigment color of experiments, the majority of metal ions （ except Fe^3 ＋ , Cu^2 ＋ , Al^3 ＋ ） had no influence on the pigment colour. The pigment had great prospects for development and in the food, beverage, candy and liquor, and so on. Keywords Chinese Rose pigment extraction stability