北京市场常见食用菌重金属含量测定及评价

目的对北京市场常见食用菌重金属污染情况进行测评。方法调查选取北京大、中型超市常见食用菌5个品牌的4种食用菌共20个样品,进行清洁、烘干、磨粉、过筛和硝酸高氯酸湿法消解,采用原子荧光光谱法测定重金属As、Pb、Cd含量。结果所测样品As、Pb、Cd的平均含量分别为国家标准的32%、60%和NY/T 749-2003的81%,总体上是安全的;其中,金针菇超标率为26.7%,杏鲍菇为13.3%,平菇为6.7%,蟹味菇未检测到超标;20个检测样品中,3个Pb超标、4个Cd超标,超标率分别为15%和20%。结论北京市场常见食用菌As、Pb、Cd污染较轻,总体安全,但个别样品Pb、Cd含量超标,需引起重视。

Measurement and assessment of heavy metals in common edible fungi in Beijing market

Objiective To measure and assess of heavy metals in common edible fungi in Beijing market. Method After investigating, the most common five brands of four kinds of edible fungi in Beijing City supermarkets, were selected, cleaned, dried, grinded and screened in proper order, then wet digested in nitric perchloric acid , finally content of heavy metals such as arsenic and cadmium were measured through atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Results Average content of As, Pb and Cd was 32%, 60% of the national standard of China and 81% of NY/T 749-2003, respectively. Among the samples, exceeding standard rate in Flammulina velutipes was 26.7%, that in Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus ostreatus was 13.3% and 6.7%, respectively. The content of heavy metals in Hypsizygus mammoreus Bigelow had not been showed super standard. Among 20 fungi samples, three exceeded the lead standard, four exceeded the cadmium standard, exceeding standard rate was 15% and 20%, respectively. Conclusion The edible fungi in Beijing City supermarket were contaminated by As, Pb and Cd slightly and are safe to eat. But Pb and Cd concentration of individual samples exceeded the national standard of China.