Single particle tracking of fluorescent nanodiamonds in cells and organisms |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States;2. Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States;3. Adámas Nanotechnologies, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, United States;4. ARCADIS U.S., Durham, NC, United States;5. Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan;6. The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, and the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States;7. Department of Chemical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States;8. Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States;1. The Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;2. Medical Scientist Training Program and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;3. Columbus NanoWorks, Inc., Columbus, OH, USA;4. Bikanta Inc., Molecular Foundry, Berkeley, CA, USA;5. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;6. Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;7. Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA |
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| Abstract: | Ever since the discovery of fullerenes in 1985, nanocarbon has demonstrated a wide range of applications in various areas of science and engineering. Compared with metal, oxide, and semiconductor nanoparticles, the carbon-based nanomaterials have distinct advantages in both biotechnological and biomedical applications due to their inherent biocompatibility. Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) joined the nanocarbon family in 2005. It was initially developed as a contrast agent for bioimaging because it can emit bright red photoluminescence from negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers built in the diamond matrix. A notable application of this technology is to study the cytoplasmic dynamics of living cells by tracking single bioconjugated FNDs in intracellular medium. This article provides a critical review on recent advances and developments of such single particle tracking (SPT) research. It summarizes SPT and related studies of FNDs in cells (such as cancer cell lines) and organisms (including zebrafish embryos, fruit fly embryos, whole nematodes, and mice) using assorted imaging techniques. |
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| Keywords: | Carbon-based nanomaterial Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy Magnetic modulation Nitrogen-vacancy center Optically detected magnetic resonance |
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