哈尔滨市1998-2003年可持续发展的生态足迹分析

评估一定区域内人类的经济活动对自然生态系统的压力程度是制定可持续发展政策的重要依据.生态足迹的理论与方法是定量测度可持续发展程度的实用方法,它反映了区域内人类的经济活动对生态系统的压力.该文利用生态足迹的理论和方法对哈尔滨市1998-2003年的生态足迹进行测度,结果显示该市生态足迹总体上呈逐年扩大的趋势,而其生态承载能力却呈下降趋势,导致其生态赤字逐渐增大,由1998年的0.75倍增加到2003年的1.14倍.研究表明,依靠科技进步,提高资源的利用效率、控制环境污染和保护生态环境,从根本上转变经济增长方式和消费模式,成为哈尔滨市在新兴工业化道路中实现资源和环境可持续发展的客观要求.

Analysis of ecological footprint of Harbin's sustainable development from 1998 to 2003

The sustainable development policy should be worked out on the basis of the evaluation of the pressure degree of human's economic and social activities to ecological system in certain area.The theory of ecological footprint is an applicable method that measures the sustainable development level quantitatively.It reflects the pressure of human's economic and social activities to ecological system in an area.Through calculation with this theory,it shows that,Harbin ecological footprint has presented extended trend year by year generally from 1998 to 2003,while its ecological bearing capacity presented the downward trend,which is crescent to cause its ecological deficit,rising from 0.75 times in 1998 to 1.14 times in 2003.This indicates that Harbin's ecological baring capacity cannot support the present extensive economical increase based on high-level resource consumption.Therefore,it is the objective requirement for the realization of Harbin resource and environment sustainable development on the way of new industrialization to transform the mode of economical increase and consumption fundamentally.Depending on science and technology progress,we have to improve the resource utilization efficiency,control the environmental pollution and protect the ecological environment.