CD34+CD33- cells influence days to engraftment and transfusion requirements in autologous blood stem-cell recipients

PURPOSE: To evaluate the reliability of CD34/CD33 subset enumeration as a predictor of hematopoietic repopulating potential in autologous blood stem-cell transplantation and to determine which patient and treatment-related factors affect the timing, quantity, and type of blood stem cells mobilized. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed blood stem-cell collections from 410 consecutive cancer patients who received mobilization therapy and evaluated factors, including CD34+ subset quantities, that might influence engraftment kinetics and transfusion requirements in autologous blood stem-cell recipients. RESULTS: The majority of patients (97%) mobilized CD34+33- cells, which were usually collected in the greatest quantity on the first day of apheresis. Patients who received only growth factor mobilized the highest percentage of CD34+33- cells. Extensive prior chemotherapy limited the collection of CD34+33- cells. In addition to patient diagnosis (P < .006) and total CD34+ cell dose (P = .0001), CD34+33- cell dose (P < .005) and percentage of CD34+33- cells (P < .005) were identified as independent factors significantly predictive of engraftment kinetics. CD34+33- cell dose (R2 < or = .177; P < .0001) was a strong and the only significant predictor of RBC and platelet transfusion requirements. Furthermore, independent of the total CD34+ cell dose, as the CD34+33- cell dose increased, days to neutrophil recovery, days to platelet recovery, and transfusion requirements decreased. CONCLUSION: These findings show that CD34+33- cells are readily collected in most cancer patients and significantly influence engraftment kinetics and transfusion requirements in autologous blood stem-cell recipients. CD34+33- cell quantity of the blood stem-cell graft appears to be a more reliable predictor of hematopoietic recovery rates than total CD34+ cell quantity in this setting.