铜冶炼烟尘处理技术现状

烟尘是铜冶炼过程中产出的典型危废,具有砷及有价金属含量高的特点,运输及处理过程中极易造成对环境的污染,目前企业对烟尘的处理日益重视。国内外针对烟尘处理开展了大量研究工作,大致分为火法和湿法两大类,火法主要是将砷以As2O3形式挥发脱除,焙砂经浸出回收铜锌等；湿法根据反应介质的不同可分为硫酸、盐酸和碱性体系三种。目前工业生产中多采用硫酸浸出—鼓风炉工艺进行处理,溶液中砷以砷酸铁形式沉淀。由于各企业烟尘性质存在一定的差别,也造成处理工艺的多样性。

Technical status of copper smelter flue dust treatment

Flue dust is the typical hazardous waste in copper metallurgy, with the main character of high arsenic and high valuable metals contents, which is easy to cause the pollution of the environment during transportation and treatment. And the copper smelters are paying more attention on the treatment of the flue dust. A lot of research has been carried out on flue dust treatment at home and abroad, which can be divided into pyro- and hydro-process two types. In pyro-process Arsenic is volatilized into the second fume as As2O3, and the calcine is leached to recovery copper and zinc etc. According to reaction media, the hydro-process can be divided into sulfuric, hydrochloric and alkaline three kinds. Now in production the sulfuric leaching--blast furnace process is widely used, and the arsenic in solution is mainly precipitated as iron arsenate. For the character difference of the flue dust, the smelter processes are very flexible.