Sustained, synchronous oscillations in discharge of sustaining fibers of crayfish optic nerve

1. The regularity of the sustaining fiber (SF) steady-state discharge increases with the intensity of a uniform field of illumination. 2. In a high levels of illumination SFs exhibit a highly periodic or rhythmically bursting steady-state discharge. 3. The period of the burst cycle is independent of the light intensity and the mean firing rate. 4. Multimodal interspike-interval histograms in which successive modes decline exponentially suggest that the discharge arises from a regular input. 5. In conditions of uniform illumination, the regular input must be common to all or several SFs since the period of the burst cycle of simultaneously monitored SFs are the same and cross-correlations indicate that the SFs burst in approximate synchrony. 6. It is proposed that the common, regular input is a network of presynaptic elements exhibiting recurrent lateral inhibition. Evidence supporting this hypothesis is that following a brief light pulse to the inhibitory surround, SFs exhibit cycles of silence and bursting, phase-locked to the stimulus but with a period equal to the steady-state burst-cycle period. 7. Furthermore, lateral inhibitory influences are common to several or all SFs as indicated by the close similarity in response time course of two SFs subjected to a common inhibitory stimulus. 8. The response of the lateral pathways to sinusoidally modulated illumination is highly selective to frequencies near the burst-repetition rate. The excitatory pathways exhibit frequency modulation or entrainment over a wide range of input frequencies. 9. The intersustaining burst cycle phase is under partial visual stimulus control (position and intensity) and the possibility of phase coding in the SF ensemble is discussed.